英语的 will 与 be going to
做个小测验，检验一下学习成果英语有两种常用的方式表达将来。计划和有迹象的事用 be going to，当场做的决定、主动提出帮忙和承诺用 will。
will 的构成
will 对所有主语都一样，后面接动词原形，不加 to。
| 形式 | 结构 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定句 | 主语 + will + 动词 | She will call you tomorrow. |
| 缩写形式 | 主语 + 'll + 动词 | I'll call you. |
| 否定句 | 主语 + won't + 动词 | They won't be late. |
| 疑问句 | Will + 主语 + 动词？ | Will you help me? |
be going to 的构成
be going to 要随主语变化，因为它用到了 be 动词。
| 主语 | 形式 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| I | am going to + 动词 | I'm going to travel. |
| you, we, they | are going to + 动词 | We're going to move. |
| he, she, it | is going to + 动词 | He's going to cook. |
| 否定句 | am not, isn't, aren't going to | She isn't going to come. |
| 疑问句 | Am, Is, Are + 主语 + going to？ | Are you going to stay? |
计划：用 be going to
在开口说话之前就已经决定的事，用 be going to。计划已经存在。
I'm going to study medicine next year.我明年打算学医。
We've booked the hotel. We're going to stay for a week.我们订好酒店了，打算住一个星期。决定是之前就做好的。
What are you going to wear to the wedding?你打算穿什么去参加婚礼？
当场做的决定：用 will
在说话的当下才做出的决定用 will，常常是对别人所说的话作出的反应。
The phone's ringing. I'll get it.电话响了，我去接。听到铃声的那一刻才决定。
It's cold in here. I'll close the window.这里好冷，我去关窗。
I'm thirsty. I think I'll have some water.我渴了，我想喝点水。
小测验
关于本课的5道小题，看看你能答对几道？
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第1题，共5题
请选择正确答案。
Don't worry, I ___ help you with your homework later.
预测：两者都可以，但有区别
两种形式都可以预测将来。如果眼前就能看到迹象，用 be going to 语气更强。表示看法和信念时常用 will，往往和 I think、probably 或 I'm sure 连用。
| 预测的类型 | 形式 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 眼前可见的迹象 | going to | Look at those clouds. It's going to rain. |
| 看法或信念 | will | I think it will rain tomorrow. |
| 确定的将来事实 | will | She will be thirty next month. |
提议、承诺和请求：用 will
主动提出帮忙、作出承诺或请别人做事时，通常用 will。
| 用法 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| 提议 | I'll carry that bag for you. |
| 承诺 | I promise I won't tell anyone. |
| 请求 | Will you open the door, please? |
| 拒绝（不肯） | The car won't start. |
常见错误
大多数错误来自在 will 后面加 to、be going to 漏掉 be，或者在 when 和 if 后面用 will。
| 错误 | 正确 |
|---|---|
| I will to call you. | I will call you. |
| She going to leave. | She's going to leave. |
| When I will arrive, I'll text you. | When I arrive, I'll text you. |
| I'm going to answer it!（电话正在响） | I'll answer it! |
对于时间和地点都已约定好的安排，英语也用现在进行时：I'm meeting Tom at six.
例句
I'm going to visit my parents this weekend.这个周末我打算去看父母。
Don't worry, I'll help you.别担心，我会帮你的。
Be careful! You're going to fall!小心！你要摔倒了！
I think Spain will win the match.我觉得西班牙队会赢这场比赛。
We're not going to buy a new car this year.我们今年不打算买新车。
I'll have the chicken, please.我要鸡肉，谢谢。
Will you be at home tonight?你今晚在家吗？