The Present Conditional in Italian
Il condizionale presente
Test yourself with a quick quizThe conditional is the Italian "would": you use it to ask politely, to say what you'd like and to give advice. It takes the future stem and adds -ei, -esti, -ebbe, -emmo, -este, -ebbero.
How to Form the Conditional
Drop the final -e of the infinitive and add the endings. As in the future, -are verbs change a to e: parlare becomes parler-.
| Subject | parlare | prendere | dormire |
|---|---|---|---|
| io | parlerei | prenderei | dormirei |
| tu | parleresti | prenderesti | dormiresti |
| lui / lei / Lei | parlerebbe | prenderebbe | dormirebbe |
| noi | parleremmo | prenderemmo | dormiremmo |
| voi | parlereste | prendereste | dormireste |
| loro | parlerebbero | prenderebbero | dormirebbero |
The same spelling changes as in the future apply: cercare gives cercherei, pagare gives pagherei, mangiare gives mangerei.
Irregular Stems
Every verb with an irregular future stem uses the same stem here (see the lesson on the simple future). The endings stay regular.
| Infinitive | io | lui / lei |
|---|---|---|
| essere | sarei | sarebbe |
| avere | avrei | avrebbe |
| andare | andrei | andrebbe |
| fare | farei | farebbe |
| dovere | dovrei | dovrebbe |
| potere | potrei | potrebbe |
| sapere | saprei | saprebbe |
| volere | vorrei | vorrebbe |
| venire | verrei | verrebbe |
| bere | berrei | berrebbe |
| rimanere | rimarrei | rimarrebbe |
Politeness, Wishes and Advice
These are the everyday uses. Vorrei and potrebbe soften a request; dovresti turns an order into advice.
Test yourself
5 quick questions on this lesson. How many can you get right?
Choose the right answer.
Hypotheses and Reported News
The conditional says what would happen under a condition. In a full if-sentence, se takes the imperfect subjunctive, never the conditional. Newspapers also use it for news that isn't confirmed.
Conditional or Future?
The two look alike. The conditional always has -re- followed by -ei, -esti, -ebbe and so on, and the noi form has a double m.
| Future | Conditional | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| parlerò | parlerei | I will speak / I would speak |
| andremo | andremmo | we will go / we would go |
| sarà | sarebbe | it will be / it would be |
Negatives and Questions
Put non before the verb. A question in the conditional is softer than one in the present.
Common Mistakes
- Keeping the a of -are verbs: "parlerei", not "parlarei".
- Writing one m in the noi form: "andremmo" (would go) is not "andremo" (will go).
- Building the stem from the infinitive: "vorrei" and "dovrei", not "volerei" and "doverei".
- Putting the conditional after se: "Se potessi, verrei", not "Se potrei, verrei".
- Using voglio in shops: "vorrei" sounds polite, "voglio" sounds demanding.